The Alfred Hitchcock Signature in his Films, Shadow of a Doubt and Vertigo :: Movie Film Essays

The Alfred Hitchcock Signature in his Films, Shadow of a Doubt and Vertigo All executives of significant movies have explicit styles or marks that they include their work. Alfred Hitchcock, probably the best chief ever, has an especially one of a kind style in the manner he makes his movies. Film analyzers group his particular style as the â€Å"Alfred Hitchcock signature†. Hitchcock’s marks change from his appearance appearances to his depiction of a particular character. Two ideal instances of how Hitchcock actualizes his scandalous â€Å"signatures† are in the motion pictures, A Shadow of a Doubt and Vertigo. In these motion pictures, various models show how Hitchcock only builds up his creative mind in his movies. One significant trait in Hitchcock films is the means by which inventively Hitchcock deceives the crowd about the destiny of the characters and the arrangement of occasions. Numerous individuals contend that it is a strategy by Hitchcock to astonish his crowd so as to build the anticipation of the film. For instance, in Shadow of a Doubt, the crowd accept that youthful Charlie is a guiltless little youngster who cherishes her uncle sincerely. Anyway as the film advances, Young Charlie isn't as honest as the crowd suspects. Youthful Charlie, when a guiltless kid, winds up slaughtering her underhanded uncle. In Vertigo, a similar Hitchcock cunning happens. To start with, the crowd has the feeling that the Blond ladies is controlled by another lady who is attempting to slaughter her. The crowd additionally has the thought that the investigator is a cheerful man who will fathom the homicide case accurately. Not long before the film closes, the crowd understands that the analyst was expli citly employed by a man to murder his better half. The criminologist, at long last, is by all accounts the sad, tragic casualty. In these films, there are additionally marks of Hitchcock that show multiplying.

Impact of Computer Based Communication

Effect of Computer Based Communication Official Summary Computer based correspondence has gotten well known in the ongoing past particularly because of the headway in Internet innovation. Email, wikis, online journals, texting and video conferencing are some PC based interchanges that have greatly affected communication.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Impact of Computer Based Communication explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Blogging and Instant Messaging (IM) are the most well known of these PC based correspondence. PC based correspondence has changed the manner in which business is completed. It has lead to presentation of new business channels and new ways for interfacing with the clients. Anyway PC based correspondence frameworks have some negative effects, for example, the simplicity of spreading negative data. PC based correspondence is gradually supplanting customary correspondence. With headway in web innovation, different PC based correspondence will keep on picking up notor iety. This exploration took a gander at the effect of PC put together correspondence with respect to business. It began by clarifying the effect of the web all in all then the paper will focus on the utilization of Instant Messaging and online journals. The exploration took a gander at both the positive and the negative effects of the web in business. The fundamental research strategy that was utilized will be writing survey. Material containing data on PC correspondence was checked on and used to develop the subject of this examination. From the finding the specialist inferred that there are numerous favorable circumstances of the progression in PC correspondence in business. This is particularly so with respect to advertising that has improved because of the utilization of the web. This suggests a ton must be done to guarantee that organizations exploit the utilization of PC based correspondence for the prosperity of their organizations. Presentation Advancement in PC innovation h as greatly affected business correspondence. PC based correspondence has nearly supplanted ordinary methods for correspondence. Web innovation has prompted an unrest in correspondence with the approach of such applications as Email, wikis, web journals, texting and video conferencing (Nicole, 2007, standard 7).Advertising Looking for report on interchanges media? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Not just has web innovation prompted a decrease in cost of correspondence however has likewise given a successful methods for correspondence across significant distances. As an outcome of headway in PC and web innovation, PC based correspondence is gradually supplanting traditional correspondence Effect of web on correspondence Impact of PC based correspondence, especially those upheld by the web is obvious. PC innovation has prompted extraordinary effect on people’s lives. Today, conveying a PC or palmtop is turning out to be a piece of people’s culture. In addition to the fact that people have access to the web in their work places or at homes, however present day innovation has permitted compact web supporting gadgets (Freeman, 2003, p. 53). Because of web convenientce, individuals can get to the web at wherever from their home to directly in their vehicles. This makes it feasible for individuals to work away from workplaces. For instance legal counselors can work with their customers remotely and sort out lawful issues. Web innovation has altered networks the world over. It has changed these networks from a closely knit society into an approximately limited and organized society. Wellman et al (2003, para 4) calls attention to how governments and residents communicate through utilization of web. For example they singled out Scottish government’s utilization of email in tolerating petitions from the Scottish residents. Moran (2008) states that web use will welcome incredible effect in trans it individuals complete their day by day business. Spaeth (2008, standard 9) cautions that associations that not exploit internet based life are probably going to escape business. This is on the grounds that different firms will utilize web based life as a methods for increasing serious edge over adversaries. To drive different contenders bankrupt, such firms will use web in decreasing serious weakness and meeting other key association targets. Blogging, video sharing administrations, miniaturized scale blogging, and other long range informal communication are affecting on people’s lives, especially in correspondence. Texting has totally changed the manner in which correspondence is completed. Numerous Instant Messaging programs are being used today with around 80% of web clients utilizing at least one of the projects to impart. Ease of utilizing Instant Messaging and capacity to utilize the administration at for all intents and purposes wherever with web get to has propelled numerous clients (Wilkins, 2007, standard 5).Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Impact of Computer Based Communication explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Instant Messaging Instant Messaging is an ongoing prologue to correspondence and has greatly affected correspondence. IM is an online correspondence whereby people key in messages through the console of their PCs. In contrast to customary message correspondence, IM is practically coordinated empowering ongoing message correspondence. Prominence of Instance Messaging can be followed in 1990 (Isaacs, Walendowki, Whittaker and Schiano, 2002, p. 121). Web Relay Chat (IRC) and Multi User Dungeons (MUD) were the underlying Instant Messaging supporting innovations. IRC, still being used today, permits clients to speak with numerous servers that are committed to a specific theme. MUD then again empowers clients to take an interest continuously talks in virtual networks. In contrast to these more season ed projects, Instant Messaging empowers clients to impart through constant message with others that they definitely know. Among the well known texting organizations today incorporate Yahoo! Delivery person, MSN Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger and ICQ. Effect of Instant Messages in business Instant Messages is among the least expensive methods for correspondence. While other web interchanges, for example, email may cost an association critical sum, Instant Messaging is given for all intents and purposes complimentary. IM has critical effect on correspondence in business and Media. In business, IM is being utilized as a compelling method of offering help to clients. Through live talks client can raise their requests to an association. An online live talk backing can have the option to react to clients tending to their issues intuitively. Not at all like call support, IM is modest and quick. Furthermore, a client care can have the option to react to numerous requests at the same time. Effect of Blog in business Blogs give a way to individuals from any part on the planet to add to a specific subject or point. A portion of the significant effects of online journals in business are on statistical surveying and open connection (Braffort, 1999, p. 57). Through web journals, associations or organizations can have the option to hear client/public’s sentiments over their business, items or administrations. Web journals gives a significant wellspring of data along these lines helping in business investigate (Mangold and Faulds, 2007, p. 263). With respect to advertising, websites empower individuals to raise issues over a company’s products.Advertising Searching for report on interchanges media? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Capacity to communicate sentiment over an association, an item or an assistance is without anyone else an open connection act. Furthermore, through the web journals advertising officials in association can have the option to react to the issues raised. Numerous associations today run sites to empower them to speak with their clients (Kent, 2009, p. 33). The online journals chiefly go about as passages to correspondence with the outside world. Expectedly the broad communications was the essential methods for advertising. Before the web become well known, individuals had constrained wellsprings of data and chiefly depended on the broad communications for data. Likewise, individuals had constrained methods for communicating their complaint, recommendations or request. Clients who were not content with an association had exceptionally constrained methods for raising their issues (Bryant and Oliver, 2009, p. 65). Development of online journals gave better approaches to interfacing with an association. As indicated by (Kent p.1 2007) web journals are an ongoing expansion to the utilization of innovation by an association and it is significantly affecting advertising. Web journals have enabled the open fundamentally hence making associations to pay attention to them. Through web journals, individuals examine uninhibitedly about different subjects including items gave by association. Disappointment of an association to react to web journals can in this way have noteworthy negative effects on its advertising. To have the option to react to issues raised by clients, associations need to utilize indistinguishable channels of correspondence from the general population. Interchanges through online journals along these lines become a compelling path for open connection. Commitments in web journals are normally close to home in nature consequently the utilization of this channel by associations for Pr will empower associations to hold clients by giving customized client admin istrations. The individual nature and closeness gave by blog empower online journals to be a favored methods for communicating sentiment (Macias, Freimuth Hilyard, 2008, standard. 7). Individual commitment of senior representatives to a blog has exceptionally positive effect in open connection. Negative Impact on Communication Although PC based correspondences have welcomed huge positive effect on correspondence, they have some negative effects. Blogging empowers people to contribute uninhibitedly to a point. Therefo

Blog Archive Diamonds in the Rough Leadership and Teamwork at UNC Kenan-Flagler

Blog Archive Diamonds in the Rough Leadership and Teamwork at UNC Kenan-Flagler MBA applicants tend to overvalue rankings and so can overlook some strong business schools that might be a good fit. In this series, we profile amazing programs at schools that are typically ranked outside the top 15. Placing 17th  in Bloomberg Businessweek’s 2012 rankings of full-time MBA programs, the University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School has earned a reputation for graduating exemplary business leaders. Students complete a curriculum of required core classes in their first year, all of which put leadership and teamwork at the forefront while also allowing students the flexibility to choose from eight optional career concentrations. The Leadership Immersion capstone course refines students’ leadership skills, pitting them in an “Apprentice”-style team competition and providing them with coaching from executives and faculty. But what really sets Kenan-Flagler apart is the robust sense of community developed among students. Teamwork seems to pervade all aspects of the MBA program, from small class sizes that employ case-study method, team projects and group learning, to the Student Teams Achieving Results program, or STAR, which offers hands-on consulting experienc e for teams matched with partnering corporations and not-for-profit organizations. While taking the required core curriculum “modules,” students also work closely with an assigned study group, allowing them to develop lasting collaborative relationships. Share ThisTweet Diamonds in the Rough University of North Carolina (Kenan-Flagler)

Uncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay

Uncle Tom’s Cabin was the most popular story in the mid to late 19th century. There are nearly thousands of copies of that novel sold. The author Harriet Beecher Stowe was an amazing author and abolitionist. The purpose of her writing Uncle Tom’s Cabin is to influence other people to abolish slavery. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was based on Religion and the abolition of slavery. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was epic story in the mid 1800’s because it represents the cruelty of slavery and religious beliefs. Stowe kind of has some similarities with Fredrick Douglass because they both abolish slavery. Except Harriet Beecher Stowe was not a slave and did not have a rough childhood like Fredrick Douglass. Now let’s discuss about the author of Uncle Harriet Beecher Stowe life, Harriet Beecher Stowe was born in 1811 in Litchfield which is a city in Connecticut. She was raised in a huge family household. Harriet Beecher Stowe mother Roxy Foote Stowe was a well-educated woman and has a huge passion for art and literature. Roxy Foote Stowe was a proud mother of seven children and Harriet Beecher Stowe is youngest out of her seven children. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s mother died from Tuberculosis. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s mother death occurred when she was only five years old. Lyman Beecher was Stowe’s father and he was a pastor at a church. Harriet’s brother Henry Ward was one of the most successful people in the Stowe’s family household. Henry Ward Stowe was a well-known pastor just like his father and heShow MoreRelatedUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe901 Words   |  4 PagesHarriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a st ory that described the real life plight of an American Slave. Kentucky farmer George Shelby amassed enormous debts and faces the possibility of losing everything he owns. To settle his debts he makes the decision to sell two of his slaves, Uncle Tom and Eliza’s son Harry. Eliza is a young, beautiful quadroon girl who George Shelby’s wife took on as a daughter. Eliza overhears a conversation between George Shelby and his wife concerning the impendingRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe uses the character of Augustine St. Clare to play a very important role in expressing her views of abolition to the reader throughout the novel. St. Clare is, in himself, a huge contradiction of a character, as his way of life is supported by the same system that he despises, slavery. St. Clare professes multiple times in the book that slavery is wrong, yet he holds slaves and refuses to re lease them, making him a hypocrite whose morals are right, mainlyRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1295 Words   |  6 PagesUncle Tom’s Cabin, one of the best classic novels by Harriet Beecher Stowe takes place in Kentucky on Mr. Shelby’s land. In Uncle Tom’s Cabin, the author communicates to the reader the horrific actions and aftermaths of slavery. She does this by telling the story of slaves who were sold to unpleasant masters, showing slavery rips apart families and loved ones, and by showing how children - both free and slave - are affected by slavery. In Uncle Tom’s Cabin a main point to take away from the bookRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1008 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 1800’s,a horrible sin of slavery took America by storm. Africans were brought to the United States as slaves. They were sold like animals, separated from their families, and forced to work for wealthy white men. They underwent torture, famine, and verbal abuse, the sole reason for their mistreatment being their skin color. Movements were made, protests held, but what no one was expecting was a short white lady by the name of Harriet Beecher Stowe to make the change that no one had yet achievedRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1522 Words   |  7 PagesLincoln is quoted as saying, â€Å"So you’re the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war.† upon meeting Harriet Beecher Stowe for the first time. The book that the former president is referring to is Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a 1850s book about the moral wrongs of slavery. It has been said to be the most influential anti-slavery book that has ever been written. Harriet Beecher Stowe is an effective author. She uses numerous literary devices such as facile characters, character foils, and symbolismRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1357 Words   |  6 PagesUncle Tom’s cabin Uncle Tom s Cabin from the author Harriet Beecher Stowe, was first published in 1852 was a book that tackled the repulsive acts of slavery. In this paper I will discuss my overview and opinion on this book. It is clear if you have a general idea of this book you would know how to this novel ultimately inspired the civil war. As said by our 16th Abraham Lincoln when he met the author â€Å"so you’re the women who brought this Great War† Uncle Tom’s cabin has had a great influence onRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe975 Words   |  4 PagesThere are numerous likenesses and contrasts between the lives of the slaves from Uncle Tom s Cabin, composed by Harriet Beecher Stowe, and that of the wage slaves from Sinclair s The Jungle. Featured mutually in each books, was slavery. Along with that, both novels allocate the authors’ perspectives on the issue. In Sinclair’s book, he wrote about the lives of the wage slaves, how capitalism aff ected the wage slaves. Meanwhile, Stowe’s consisted more on a religious aspect, going in depth of howRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1019 Words   |  5 PagesUncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe is â€Å"one of the most famous books in the world† she is considered to be the woman that started the civil war. This book presents Anti-slavery ideas using Religion, Maternity and the idea of Gender Roles to promote the idea of Anti-Slavery. Throughout Uncle Tom’s Cabin there are â€Å"slave problems†,how slavery destroys and crumble families by splitting apart mother and child along with husband and wive.Stowe argues that these slavery brings out the femininityRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1760 Words   |  8 PagesHarriet Beecher Stowe was born in June 14, 1811 in Lichfield, CT and was the sixth of her family’s eleven children. Beecher’s parents taught their children that their primary life goal was to make their mark. All seven sons became ministers, Isabella (the youngest) founded the National Women’s Suffrage Association, and Harriet revealed the horrifying truths and dissolved the social injustice of slavery. During her 85 years Beecher published thirty novels, but her bestselling book Uncle Tom’s CabinRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin By Harriet Beecher Stowe1430 Words   |  6 Pages This book s author, Harriet Beecher Stowe, was born in 1811 in Litchfield, Connecticut. She was the daughter of a Calvinist minister. She and her family were all devout Christians; her father was a preacher and her siblings followed. Her Christian attitude reflected her attitude towards slavery. She was for abolishing it, because to her, it was a very non-Christian and cruel institution. Her book focused on the ghastly points of slavery, including the whippings, beatings, and sexual harassment

How has the Western World been a Blessing to the...

Western world has its History beginning from the time of the Old Roman Empire. They created the basis for the upcoming world, called nowadays Western. The influence that the Roman Empire gave to the Non-Western world was continued to be by the Western world. The immense and productive cultural heritage from the old Romans has been observed and learned by the Non-Western world under Romes direct influence or by their own will. Prolonging the old traditions the Western world has been always devoting time to teach and help the rest of the world. The Western world has been a blessing to the Non-Western world. The social advance that the Western world has achieved in its stage of evolution is great and every one has to learn from the†¦show more content†¦People are working hard during the week and after that deserved break is coming during the weekend, in which people are to enjoy the vast number of activities available to be done. Every man around the world is working to earn its living in the way they are. For that part of the Non-Western world it can be said that only trough getting the experience of the Western World is going to grant them more possibilities for developing themselves as societies and at the same time preserving their own cultural uniqueness. Religion is what the Western world devotes large part of ones life and attitude. Christianity is what in some relation describes the Western world. It has its roots from the time of the Great Emperor Constantine the Great who developed the belief that the state has to be in close relation to the religion, and the politics that each country makes must be related to the Christian ways. Those are basic principles that the Western world has been promoting and helping to be understood around the Non-Western world during recent centuries. The great every-day life principles of Christianity describing the mutual respect, equality, appreciating the differences and love for all people were brought around the world, by the Western world during the recent centuries. Science is another thing that is being greatly praised in the Western world and broughtShow MoreRelatedThe Pursuit For World Domination1305 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 20th century, world domination was a realistic notion advocated by American leaders, specifically, then-Governor and future President, Theodore Roosevelt. Many outspoken political commentators opposed this notion and believed world domination was excessive and unnecessary and was not in America’s best interest. One of these political commentators was none other than the revered Mark Twain, who, in his 1901 satirical piece, â€Å"To the Person Sitting in Darkness†, attempts to expose the downsidesRead MoreThe Cultural Differences Within Our Society1609 Words   |  7 Pagesoccur due to how we were raised and the beliefs we were instilled with. A main cultural difference that has been in the spotlight recently is the idea of how to raise one’s children. After Yale law professor Amy Chua had e xcerpts of her book published in the Wall Street Journal, sparks flew bashing her parenting methods which she uses on her young children. Chua, who grew up with Chinese parents, chooses to use Chinese parenting styles to drive her children to success. Chua bashes the Western parentingRead MoreThe Third Sex in Eastern Civilization1357 Words   |  6 Pages Western and Eastern civilizations have always been be incompatible with their thinking and teachings; especially when looking at certain topic such as Gender, sex and religion. Gender is defined as the cultural, behavioral, or psychological characteristics, typically belonging to one sex. Sex is the behavioral, functional and Structural characteristics that distinguish males from females; it is also the act of people (or animals) attempting to sexually reproduce. Western civilizations and religionsRead MorePsychoactive Substances Should Be Regulated Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagessubstances is attested to in the earliest human records. Drug use and abuse is as old as mankind; humans have always had an inclination towards ingesting substances that make them feel stimulated, relaxed, or euphoric. In the past, the general population has used psychoactive substances for religious and ceremonial, medicinal and recreational purposes in a socially approved way. Our forbearers refined more potent compounds and devised faster routes of administration, which made these drugs easier to consumeRead MoreGandhi Film Review Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"I can say without the slightest hesitation, and yet all humility, that those who say religion has nothing to do with politics do not know what religion means† (Gandhi, 1957; 504). These words are only a glimpse of Gandhi’s revolutionary sight that changed Western intellectuals. As we continue to remember his blessings, Gandhi will be known as a leader of the successful freedom struggle and a representative of the highest level of thinking in the Hindu religious tradition. Mohandas GandhiRead MoreJihad : The World Is Mindful Of The Term `` Jihad ``1407 Words   |  6 PagesSacred for a second large religious group in the world yet controversial, the world is mindful of the term â€Å"Jihad†. The term has been coined and implemented negatively by the extremists in the name of Islam resulting in a shaken misbalance in the Islamic as well as in the rest of the world. In the light of recent events, the Arabic word â€Å"Jihad† has gained vital attention. The reason I chose this word is to make a little effort providing true and basic insight of jihad as described in Islam. MostRead MoreKarl Marx And Friedrich Engels1626 Words   |  7 Pagesclass struggles or the exploitation of one class by another will give rise to a new world order in which society as a whole will take control of their own destines. This involves the battles between the proletarians and bourgeoisie, communism and democracy, and final capitalism and socialism. Howe ver, since the times of Marx and Engel communism has been slowly dying. With the rise of capitalism and democracy has come the fall of communism and socialism. Why is that? Well when most people hear theRead MoreGender Equality And Rape Culture1722 Words   |  7 Pagestwice - once from the captors and then from the legal systems - these ideas present the viewer with one story about Ethiopian culture. There are several prominent matters in this film, a multitude of which relate to topics covered during the Women in World Cinema course. The first few problems that stood out were the prevalence of rape culture, traditions that violate basic human rights, and abduction. These all seem to tie together under the general issue of violating basic human rights; however, theyRead MoreRacial Inequality During The Middle Ages Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesI cannot think of a topic that is more controversial, and unsettling than race. The idea of race began in the middle ages, but really starting taking foot when the America’s were discovered. Since our country was discovered, there has always been racial inequality. In colonial times Africans were used as slaves, and the Native Americans (the ones who inhabited our country first) were pushed away to reservations to make room for the white people. Skipping ahead a couple of decades to the HolocaustRead MoreWhat Is the Relationship of Indian Tribes to Their Environment, and How Is It Changed?1686 Words   |  7 PagesClaire Wendel #20- What is the relationship of Indian tribes to their environment, and how is it changed? Native Americans have long had an immediate relationship with their physical environment. They defined themselves by their land and by the sacred places that bounded and shaped their world. Most lived in lived in relatively small units close to the earth, living off of its rhythms and resources. They recognize a unity in their physical and spiritual universe. Land (its loss, location, and resource

The Ways in Which Steinbeck Explores the Concept of the...

The Ways in Which Steinbeck Explores the Concept of the American Dream in Of Mice and Men The American Dream was a dream that nearly everyone had throughout the twentieth century. It was hope for a better life and people believed strongly that it would come true. The main characters in Of Mice Men have a dream which was to get a plot of land and live on it and become self-sufficient. The American Dream was not an achievable goal for many people. Steinbeck shows this failure through the characters of Lennie George. The American dream was a great thing. We first heard about it when Lennie and George were sitting by the river at the beginning of the book. The dream was a hope that every†¦show more content†¦They would earn standard migrant labour workers wages which was of course not very much, as the great depression was around at the time the book was set. The men hoped to save money and put it towards the plot of land, Look, if me an Lennie work a month an dont spen nothing well have a hundred bucks. Sooner or later people started to realise that the American Dream was turning into a nightmare. This is shown in the book by all the travelling and unemployment. Steinbeck shows that people were determined to get a job and willing to travel around to find one, he reinforces this through Lennie and George. At the start of the novel Steinbeck told us that they were walking, so we obviously know that they have had a nomadic life. During their rest they have a conversation about their travels The first thing you know is that they are pounding away at some other ranch. This backs up the fact that people travel around for jobs. We know how Lennie and George frequently lose their jobs, this is due to Lennie constantly getting the pair of them into trouble which jeopardises their current job. Because of this they have to travel from one ranch to another in search of another job. Also you can corroborate the fact that people travelled by George quoting, The hell with what I says. You remem ber about us going into Murray and Readys and they give us workShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1406 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay John Steinbeck, writer of the novel, Of Mice and Men, uses many different rhetorical devices and appeals to unravel the essence and truth of the American Dream, while revolving around the world of these characters, George and Lennie. Written during the great depression, the novel itself shares the lives of many different people during that time period. It explored how everyone was treated through that time due to skin color, disabilities, and gender. Life during thisRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1704 Words   |  7 Pages`Of mice and men` is written by John Steinbeck, published in 1937. The novella is a reference to the great depression in California and is set in the 1930’s and portrays the way in which despite the consequences of depressed circumstances, human spirit still survives. During the aftermath of the great depression, which was a very bad period, men hoped to pick up the shattered pieces of their lives. The author, John Steinbeck, illustrates how people, with the help of friendship of dreams, can prevailRead MoreEssay about John Steinbeck Common Themes3280 Words   |  14 PagesNobel Prize winner, John Steinbeck, was one of the most important writers in America during the 20th century. In his novels, East of Eden, Of Mice and Men, Cannery Row, and In Dubious Battle, Steinbeck explores what it takes for a person to find true happiness in life. Steinbeck addresses the pursuit for happiness in one’s life—the American Dream—, by questioning modern idea of it being achieved through material items and the path people take to accomplish it. Steinbeck also addresses the happinessRead MoreComparison of Poems to Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck890 Words   |  4 PagesPoems which can be compared to the novella ‘Of Mice and Men’ is ‘The Farmers Bride’ written by Charlotte Mew. This once again explores the relationship between husband and wife w ithout an element of honest affection towards each other leading to failed marriages. The poem begins ‘Three summers since I chose a maid’. Like Curleys wife the farmer’s bride also has no distinct identity and is merely a possession. This emphasizes the meagre status of a woman in a male dominated society. The way the poemRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1427 Words   |  6 Pagesreaches across cultural, geographical, racial and physical boundaries; looking at ‘of mice and men’ and ‘the boy in striped pyjamas’ compared the ways that writer uses this and other concepts of friendship to shape their narratives. John Steinbeck’s Of mice and men and John Boyne’s The boy in the Stripped Pyjamas both demonstrate how important and valuable friendship is. John Steinbeck’s and John Boyne both explore excellently how loneliness makes different characters develop extremely strong friendshipsRead MoreHow Does Steinbeck Present Disadvantaged Characters2537 Words   |  11 PagesExplore some of the ways in which Steinbeck presents disadvantaged characters in the novel In 1937, the American author John Steinbeck published Of mice and Men. Set in the Salinas Valley of California, it conveys the story of the struggles of the American people during The Great Depression. The Great Depression was a massive devastation throughout the whole of America where people suffered and the economy was at a huge crisis. The Unemployment rose from 3% to 26% and many people had diedRead MoreExplore the Way the Writer Presents the Relationship Between George and Lennie in of Mice and Men3909 Words   |  16 PagesExplore the way the writer presents the relationship between George and Lennie in â€Å"Of Mice and Men† Of Mice and Men was written in the 1937 by John Steinbeck, he other well know books as the Grapes of Wrath and East of Eden, h also received a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962. This book is set in the 1930s and set in California, his home region. During this time, the USA was suffering from a great depression, this meant that it was hard to find job because the economy was very weak, so to findRead MoreReview Of The Of Mice And Men And An Inspector Calls 1773 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish Literature Assessment 40% How are Eva Smith and Curley’s Wife presented as victims in the ‘Of Mice and Men’ and ‘An Inspector Calls’? In this essay I will compare the two characters ‘Eva Smith’ and ‘Curley’s Wife’ on how they being presented as victims, similarities and their classes. An Inspector Calls was set in 1912 when the First World War was about to start but then this novel was written in 1945. Also there was a really big distinctions between the upper and the lower classesRead MoreJane Eyre And Of Mice And Men2621 Words   |  11 PagesExplore how women are presented in ‘Jane Eyre’ and ‘Of Mice and Men’ Brontà « and Steinbeck are arguably two of the most prominent writers in English literature, parted by a ninety year time span and a difference in pre occupations, which could be due to their difference in gender. Jane Eyre and Curley’s wife are two of most different characters but similarly both used drive the plot. Both characters struggle to fit into society; Jane is belittled by her Aunt Reed and being kept apart from the otherRead MoreBelonging Essay4112 Words   |  17 PagesContext plays a role in the perception of belonging (or not belonging and all the shades inbetween): †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ personal context refers to those elements that are ones own, individual and private. cultural context is complex and refers generally to way of life, lifestyle, customs, traditions, heritage, habits - civilisation. More specifically, it refers to intellectual and artistic awareness, education and discernment. Popular culture refers to the Arts, the humanities, intellectual achievement, literature

A Comparison between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Essay Example For Students

A Comparison between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Essay Reproduction Research Assignment Sac 5 PART 1 : Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction Discuss the differences between, and the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction : SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Sexual Reproduction is the formation of a new organism from two parents usually, and involves the joining of gametes to form a single cell called a zygote . The offspring are similar, but not identical to the parents. Sexually Reproductive organisms include mammals, most reptiles, and flowering plants. ADVANTAGES There is greater genetic variation of the offspring and therefore, greater chance of survival in changing environments. Asexual Reproduction is the process by which a single organism produces a new organism identical to itself. An asexually reproducing organism does not require a partner to produce offspring. It is a process that requires no fusion of gametes whatsoever. Asexually Reproductive organisms include bacteria, nonflowering plants and some reptiles. DISADVANTAGES Some disadvantages of sexual reproduction are the facts that it requires 2 parents, so if one species dies out, they can no longer reproduce. Sexual reproduction also poses risks of mutations and hereditary diseases. Sexual reproduction is also not as rapid as asexual reproduction. Energy is also expended in finding a mate in many organisms. However some organisms have both male and female reproductive organs that are able to produce gametes simultaneously. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Asexual reproduction is the formation of a new organism when there is the presence of a single parent and no joining gametes . The offspring has identical genes and chromosomes to the parent. ADVANTAGES No energy is expended in finding a mate. here is a high chance of survival of the offspring, if the offspring remains near the parent in a stable environment. DISADVANTAGES Less genetic diversity gives the offspring a lesser chance of survival if the environment changes. Discuss the relevance of mitosis and meiosis to sexual and asexual reproduction ; Mitosis is the asexual form of reproduction, Meiosis being the sexual form. Mitosis involved replic ating the Chromosomes of the cell and placing the exact replicas in the daughter cells, resulting in 2 cells. This is asexual reproduction because the cells are exactly the same. Meiosis involved replication of the chromosomes, random mixing of them and division into 2 cells, duplication and random mixing again and then division into two more cells resulting in 4 cells. This is sexual reproduction because the cells are not exactly the same. Include examples of the different types of asexual reproduction ; 1. Binary Fission occurs when a cell simply grows larger, replicates its DNA in genes and chromosomes, and then forms a cell membrane down the midsection of the cell to form two new â€Å" daughter† cells. 2. Budding occurs when a small part of the parent’s body separates from the rest of the rest and develops into a new individual, eventually either becoming an independent organism or part of an attached colony. 3. Spore Formation occurs where special cells with resistant coverings form. These coverings are resistant to unfavourable environmental conditions such as heat or dryness. 4. Fragmentation occurs when a parent body is broken into pieces and each piece may form a new individual. . Regeneration occurs when part of an organism grows to form other organisms that are often still connected to the original organism. Examples of regeneration in plants are the vegetative propagation of runners, of grasses, strawberries, rhizomes in ferns, tubers in potatoes and growing plants from cuttings. 6. Parthenogenesis occurs when a new organism develops from an unfertilised egg. For example, in honeybees, the female or queen is inseminated only once in her lifetime. The sperm she receives is stored in a little pouch connected to the genital tract and closed off by a muscular valve. Whether or not she chooses to release the sperm to fertilise her eggs, and create female bees is her choice. Otherwise, only male drones are hatched. PART 2 : Structure And Function This section must include 3 labelled diagrams of the human male reproductive system, female reproductive system and the reproductive system of a flower. PARTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TESTIS There are two testes situated in a sac called the scrotum. Due to the testes needing an optimum temperature for sperm production, the sac is located outside the body. This is because the core body temperature is far too warm to keep producing healthy sperm. EPIDIDYMIS This stores the large numbers of sperm until they are ejaculated out through the penis. In these two ducts, sperm complete their maturation. SPERM DUCT/VAS DEFERENS – The sperm duct, or vas deferens transport sperm from the testes to the urethra. SEMEN-PRODUCING GLANDS Semen is the fluid produced to protect the sperm from dehydration and the acidic environment of the female vagina after sexual intercourse. Semen allows the sperm to swim more easily. URETHRA This is the tube that normally carries urine from the urinary bladder. When semen containing sperm is ejaculated, it also travels out through the urethra, but the prostate gland enlarges to block of any urine in the urinary bladder at this time. PENIS The urethra is the tube inside the penis. During sexual intercourse, the spongy cells that surround the urethra fill with blood and the penis becomes firm and erect. The Path That Sperm Travel Testes Epididymis Vas Deferens Urethra PARTS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OVARY There are two ovaries. The ovary produces eggs or ova, female sex hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and the secondary sexual characteristics, At birth, females have all their eggs formed, but in an immature state. After puberty, and before menopause, one egg is released about every 28 days from each ovary. OVIDUCT/FALLOPIAN TUBE This connects between the ovary and the uterus. It is also the place where conception or fertilisation of an egg by a sperm occurs. UTERUS/WOMB The uterus is a strong muscular and elastic organ where an unborn baby develops. After an egg is released from the ovary, a blood-filled lining develops on the walls of the uterus in preparation for the nourishment of the unborn baby. If no fertilisation of the egg occurs, then this lining passes out through the vagina over seven days as ‘periods’ or menstruation. CERVIX This is the opening between the uterus and the vagina. During pregnancy, a mucous plug forms across the cervix separating the uterus from the outside to prevent infection of the unborn baby. This plug falls out and the cervix dilates before the birth of a baby. VAGINA This is a place where the penis is inserted during sexual intercourse. It is an elastic and muscular organ that expands during birth to allow for the passage of the baby. The Path The Egg Travels Ovary Oviduct/Fallopian Tube Uterus/Womb Cervix Vagina REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF A FLOWER STIGMA The receptive part of the carpel. Pollen grains will germinate onl if they land here STYLE The structure that supports the stigma OVARY The base of the carpel where the ovules develop. ANTHER – Top portion of the Stamen, the male organ of reproduction. FILAMENT The slender stalk of the stamen that supports the anther. STAMEN – Anther filament CARPEL – stigma style ovary ovule Part 3 : Fertilisation Compare in detail the processes of fertilisation in humans and plants. Flowering Plants After the carpel is pollinated, the pollen grain germinates in a response to a sugary fluid secreted by the mature stigma . From each pollen grain, a pollen tube grows out and attempts to travel to the ovary by creating a path through the female tissue. The vegetative and generative nuclei of the pollen grain pass into its respective pollen tube. After the pollen grain sticks to the stigma of the carpel a pollen tube grows and penetrates the ovule through a tiny pore called a micropyle. The pollen tube does not directly reach the ovary in a straight line. It travels near the skin of the style and curls to the bottom of the ovary, then near the receptacle, it breaks through the ovule through the micropyle and the pollen tube bursts into the embryo sac. After being fertilized, the ovary starts to swell and will develop into the fruit. With multi-seeded fruits, multiple grains of pollen are necessary for syngamy with each ovule. The growth of the pollen tube is controlled by the vegetative cytoplasm. Hydrolytic enzymes are secreted by the pollen tubes that digest the female tissue as the tube grows down the stigma and style; the digested tissue is used as a nutrient source for the pollen tube as it grows. During pollen tube growth toward the ovary, the generative nucleus divides to produce two separate sperm nuclei a growing pollen tube therefore contains three separate nuclei, two sperm and one tube. The sperms are interconnected and dimorphic, the large one, in a number of plants, is also linked to the tube nucleus and the interconnected sperm and tube nucleuses form the male germ unit. Double fertilization is the process in angiosperms in which two sperm nuclei from each pollen tube fertilize two cells in an ovary. After the pollen tube reaches the ovary the pollen tube nucleus disintegrates and the two sperm cells are released into the ovary; one of the two sperm cells fertilizes the egg cell , forming a diploid zygote. This is the point when fertilization actually occurs. Note that pollination and fertilization are two separate processes. The other sperm cell fuses with two haploid polar nuclei in the centre of the embryo sac . The resulting cell is triploid. This triploid cell divides through mitosis and forms the endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue, inside the seed. Double fertilization occurs only in angiosperm plants. One primitive species of flowering plant, Nuphar polysepala, has endosperm that is diploid, resulting from the fusion of a pollen nucleus with one, rather than two, maternal nuclei. It is believed that early in the development of angiosperm lineages, there was duplication in this mode of reproduction, producing seven-celled/eight-nucleate female gametophytes, and triploid endosperms with a 2:1 maternal to paternal genome ratio. In many plants, the development of the flesh of the fruit is proportional to the percentage of fertilized ovules. For example, with watermelon, about a thousand grains of pollen must be delivered and spread evenly on the three lobes of the stigma to make a normal sized and shaped fruit. embryo and its surrounding membranes. The term conception is not usually used in scientific literature because of its variable definition and connotation. Mammals Usually mammals rely on internal fertilization through copulation. After a male ejaculates, a large number of sperm cells move to the upper vagina through the cervix and across the length of the uterus toward the ovum. The capacitated spermatozoon and the oocyte meet and interact in the middle of the fallopian tube. It is probable that chemotaxis is involved in guiding the sperm to the egg, but the mechanism has yet to be worked out. Fusion between the oocyte plasma membranes and sperm follows, allowing the entry of the sperm nucleus, centriole and flagellum, but not the mitochondria, into the oocyte. The egg activates itself upon fusing with a single sperm cell, thereby changing its cell membrane to prevent fusion with other sperm. This process ultimately leads to the formation of a diploid cell called a zygote. The zygote begins to divide and form a blastocyst and when it reaches the uterus, it performs implantation in the endometrium. At this point the females pregnancy has begun. If the embryo implants in any tissue other than the uterine wall, an ectopic pregnancy results, which can be fatal to the mother. PART 4 – Embryo Development ; Nutrition Compare embryo nutrition in humans and in plants. In plants, the seed is a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some stored food. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant. The formation of the seed completes the process of reproduction in seed plants , with the embryo developed f rom the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule. In humans, nutrition is quite different. The Necklace EssayDuring zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), oocytes are retrieved similar to IVF and GIFT and they are allowed to fertilize in vitro in the laboratory as in IVF. A day after fertilization (2 cell stage), 3-4 embryos are transferred via laparoscopy into one of the fallopian tubes. If the embryos are allowed to develop to greater than a 2-cell stage, the procedure is termed tubal embryo transfer (TET). The only benefit to a ZIFT or TET versus the more traditional IVF is for women who are thought to have compromised embryo quality due to embryo in vitro culture. Placing these zygotes or embryos back into their own natural incubators is thought to enhance subsequent development with improved pregnancy rates. With the development of enhanced culture media, the success rates for IVF are now comparable, if not better, to those of GIFT and ZIFT, and IVF is less invasive than GIFT and ZIFT. Interpreting IVF success rates Comparing one programs success rate to another is difficult because of all the variables involved, including the programs selection criteria, patient demographics, and insurance coverage. In general, like any statistical analysis, the more IVF cycles a program has performed, the more valid the numbers are. The cancellation rate is a critical number. If the rate is high, the program is possibly very selective for the patients it allows to proceed to egg retrieval. This type of program would rather cancel the patients procedure than have a low chance for success. The implantation rate refers to the pregnancy rate divided by the number of embryos transferred. If the implantation rate is low and the pregnancy rate is high, this suggests that the program is transferring a large number of embryos per patient to achieve that success. Chances are good that the programs multiple pregnancy (eg, twins, triplets, and higher order multiples) rate is high. Optimally, the better programs have a low cancellation rates, good pregnancy and implantation rates, and high singleton pregnancy rates compared with multiple pregnancy rates. The ultimate critical number is the birth rate because this represents the final goal of the patient and the physician. This goal is also less vulnerable to misinterpretation than the pregnancy rate (single positive HCG vs serial increases) or the clinical pregnancy rate (gestational sac vs fetal pole vs fetal pole with heartbeat). IVF outcomes 2005 data for IVF outcomes are summarized and results can be viewed on the CDC and Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Web sites. Outcomes are stratified based on cycle type (fresh IVF, frozen embryo IVF, donor IVF, and maternal age). Overall, 134,260 ART cycles were performed in the United States in 2005 resulting in 38,910 live birth deliveries. For reference, in 996, 14,507  deliveries resulted from 64,681 ART cycles. Because more than 1  infant is born during a live-birth delivery (eg, twins) in some cases, the total number of infants born is larger than the number of live-births. From 1996-2005, the percentage of transfers resulting in live births for fresh–nondonor cycles increased from 28% in 1996 to 34% in 2005. ARTICLE TWO Some pare nts would love the chance to decide, while others wouldn’t dream of meddling with nature. The medical world is also divided. Professional groups say sex selection is allowable in certain situations, but differ as to which ones. Meanwhile, it’s not illegal, and some doctors are already cashing in on the demand. There are several ways to pick a baby’s sex before a woman becomes pregnant, or at least to shift the odds. Most of the procedures were originally developed to treat infertility or prevent genetic diseases. The most reliable method is not easy or cheap. It requires in vitro fertilization, in which doctors prescribe drugs to stimulate the mother’s ovaries, perform surgery to collect her eggs, fertilize them in the laboratory and then insert the embryos into her uterus. Before the embryos are placed in the womb, some doctors will test for sex and, if there are enough embryos, let the parents decide whether to insert exclusively male or female ones. Pregnancy is not guaranteed, and the combined procedures can cost $20,000 or more, often not covered by insurance. Many doctors refuse to perform these invasive procedures just for sex selection, and some people are troubled by what eventually becomes of the embryos of the unwanted sex, which may be frozen or discarded. Another method, used before the eggs are fertilized, involves sorting sperm, because it is the sperm and not the egg that determines a baby’s sex. Semen normally has equal numbers of male- and female-producing sperm cells, but a technology called MicroSort can shift the ratio to either 88 percent female or 73 percent male. The â€Å"enriched† specimen can then be used for insemination or in vitro fertilization. It can cost $4,000 to $6,000, not including in vitro fertilization. MicroSort is still experimental and available only as part of a study being done to apply for approval from the Food and Drug Administration. The technology was originally developed by the Agriculture Department for use in farm animals, and it was adapted for people by scientists at the Genetics and IVF Institute, a fertility clinic in Virginia. The technique has been used in more than 1,000 pregnancies, with more than 900 births so far, a spokesman for the clinic said. As of January 2006 (the most recent figures released), the success rate among parents who wanted girls was 91 percent, and for those who wanted boys, it was 76 percent. Regardless of the method, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists opposes sex selection except in people who carry a genetic disease that primarily affects one sex. But allowing sex selection just because the parents want it, with no medical reason, may support â€Å"sexist practices,† the college said in an opinion paper published this month in its journal, Obstetrics and Gynecology. Some people say sex selection is ethical if parents already have one or more boys and now want a girl, or vice versa. In that case, it’s â€Å"family balancing,† not sex discrimination. The MicroSort study accepts only people who have genetic disorders or request family balancing (they are asked for birth records), and a company spokesman said that even if the technique was approved, it would not be used for first babies. The obstetricians group doesn’t buy the family-balance argument, noting that some parents will say whatever they think the doctor wants to hear. The group also says that even if people are sincere about family balance, the very act of choosing a baby’s sex â€Å"may be interpreted as condoning sexist values. † Much of the worry about this issue derives from what has happened in China and India, where preferences for boys led to widespread aborting of female fetuses when ultrasound and other tests made it possible to identify them. China’s one-child policy is thought to have made matters worse. Last month, Chinese officials said that 118 boys were born for every 100 girls in 2005, and some reports have projected an excess of 30 million males in less than 15 years. The United Nations opposes sex selection for nonmedical reasons, and a number of countries have outlawed it, including Australia, Canada and Britain, and other nations in Asia, South America and Europe. Left unanswered is the question of whether societies, and families, that favor boys should just be allowed to have them, since attitudes are hard to change, and girls born into such environments may be abused. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine, a group for infertility doctors, takes a somewhat more relaxed view of sex selection than does the college of obstetricians. Instead of opposing sex selection outright, it says that in people who already need in vitro fertilization and want to test the embryos’ sex without a medical reason, the testing should â€Å"not be encouraged. † And those who don’t need in vitro fertilization but want it just for sex selection â€Å"should be discouraged,† the group says. But sperm sorting is another matter, the society says. It is noninvasive and does not involve discarding embryos of the â€Å"wrong† sex. The society concludes that â€Å"sex selection aimed at increasing gender variety in families may not so greatly increase the risk of harm to children, women or society that its use should be prohibited or condemned as unethical in all cases. † The group also says it may eventually be reasonable to use sperm sorting for a first or only child. Dr. Jamie Grifo, the program director of New York University’s Fertility Center, said that he opposed using embryo testing just for sex selection, but that it was reasonable to honor the request in patients who were already having embryos screened for medical reasons, had a child and wanted one of the opposite sex. In those cases, he said, the information is already available and doesn’t require an extra procedure. â€Å"It’s the patient’s information, their desire,† he said. â€Å"Who are we to decide, to play God? I’ve got news for you, it’s not going to change the gender balance in the world. We get a handful of requests per year, and we’re doing it. It’s always been a controversy, but I don’t think it’s a big problem. We should preserve the autonomy of patients to make these very personal decisions. † Dr. Jeffrey M. Steinberg, from Encino, Calif. , who has three clinics that offer sex selection and plans to open a fourth, in Manhattan, said: â€Å"We prefer to do it for family balancing, but we’ve never turned away someone who came in and said, ‘I want my first to be a boy or a girl. ’ If they all said a boy first, we’d probably shy away, but it’s 50-50. † â€Å"Reproductive choice, as far as I’m concerned, is a very personal issue,† Dr. Steinberg said. If it’s not going to hurt anyone, we go ahead and give them what they want. † Many patients come from other countries, he said. John A. Robertson, a professor of law and bioethics at the University of Texas, said: â€Å"The distinction between doing it for so-called family balancing or gender variety would be a useful line to draw at this stage of the debate, just as maybe a practice guideline, and let’s just see how it works out. † In the long run, Mr. Robertson said, he doubted that enough Americans would use genetic tests to skew the sex balance in the population, and he pointed out that so far, sperm sorting was more successful at roducing girls than boys. He concluded, â€Å"I think this will slowly get clarified, and people will see it’s not as big a deal as they think. † SUMMARY IVF is a shiny new way to conceive kids for those who have unexplained infertility. There are several ways to pick a baby’s sex before a woman becomes pregnant, or at least to shift the odds. Most of the procedures were originally developed to treat infertility or prevent genetic diseases. The most reliable method is not easy or cheap. It requires in vitro fertilization or IVF, in which doctors prescribe drugs to stimulate the mother’s ovaries, perform surgery to collect her eggs, fertilize them in the laboratory and then insert the embryos into her uterus. This method of fertilization has a more than reasonable success rate, with Information from 2005 shows that 134,260 assisted reproductive technique cycles were performed resulting in 38,910 live births. BIBLIOGRAPHY www. google. com www. wikipedia. com. au www. emedicine. medscape. com/article/263907-overview www. nytimes. com Nelson Biology VCE Units 1;2 Encyclopaedia Brittanica

American Psychological Association free essay sample

The American Psychological Association is the largest scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States. APA is the worlds largest association of psychologists, with more than 134,000 researchers, educators, clinicians, consultants and students as its members. Our mission is to advance the creation, communication and application of psychological knowledge to benefit society and improve peoples lives. Our Work APA seeks to advance the creation, communication and application of psychological nowledge to benefit society and improve peoples lives. We do this by: Encouraging the development and application of psychology in the broadest manner. Promoting research in psychology, the improvement of research methods and conditions and the application of research findings. Improving the qualifications and usefulness of psychologists by establishing high standards of ethics, conduct, education and achievement. Increasing and disseminating psychological knowledge through meetings, professional contacts, reports, papers, discussions and publications. Strategic Plan Our strategic plan goals are to maximize the associations organizational effectiveness, expand psychologys role in advancing health and increase recognition of psychology as a science. We will write a custom essay sample on American Psychological Association or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Governance and Senior Staff Volunteer governance members play a key role in the direction and completion of APAs advocacy, publishing, member service and more. These groups include APAs: Council of Representatives, which has the sole authority to approve policy and appropriate the associations revenue. Board of Directors, elected by the membership, and which acts as the administrative agent of the Council of Representatives. APA president, elected annually by the membership to serve as the face of the association. Committees, boards and task forces, which focus on particular issues in the field. APAs daily operations are overseen by its senior staff at APA headquarters in Washington, D. C. Definition of Psychology Psychology is a diverse discipline, grounded in science, but with nearly boundless applications in everyday life. Some psychologists do basic research, developing theories and testing them through carefully honed research methods involving observation, experimentation and analysis. Other psychologists apply the disciplines scientific knowledge to help people, organizations and communities function better. As psychological research yields new information, whether its developing improved interventions to treat depression or studying how humans interact with machines, these findings become part of the disciplines body of knowledge and are applied in work with patients and clients, in schools, in corporate settings, within the Judicial system, even in professional sports. Psychology is a doctoral-level profession. Psychologists study both normal and abnormal functioning and treat patients with ental and emotional problems. They also study and encourage behaviors that build wellness and emotional resilience. Today, as the link between mind and body is well- recognized, more and more psychologists are teaming witn other health-care providers to provide whole-person health care for patients. APA History The American Psychological Association was founded in 1892 with 31 members and grew quickly after World War II.

À Peu Près - French Expression

Peu Prà ¨s - French Expression The French expression peu prà ¨s (pronounced  [ ah peu preh])indicates that whatever phrase it precedes or follows is a rough guess or estimate. It literally means at little near and is used to mean  about, around, approximately, pretty much or more or less. When used with numbers and amounts, peu prà ¨s is synonymous with environ and plus ou moins. It has a normal  register.   Examples and Usage Jai peu prà ¨s 10â‚ ¬ / Jai 10â‚ ¬, peu prà ¨s.I have about 10â‚ ¬. Il pà ¨se peu prà ¨s 20 kilos / Il pà ¨se 20 kilos, peu prà ¨s.It weighs about 20 kilos. Tu as peu prà ¨s son à ¢ge / Tu as son à ¢ge, peu prà ¨s.Youre about the same age as he is. peu prà ¨s is used with adjectives, nouns, pronouns, and clauses to describe something or someone as approximately, more or less ___. Here, peu prà ¨s is synonymous with presque and plus ou moins. Les rà ©sultats sont peu prà ¨s normaux.The results are fairly / more or less normal. Je suis peu prà ¨s certain.Im fairly / almost certain. Ils sont peu prà ¨s les mà ªmes.Theyre about / almost the same. Cest peu prà ¨s tout.Thats about / pretty much all. Je vois peu prà ¨s ce quil veut dire. I kind of / pretty much / more or less see what he means. The invariable compound noun -peu-prà ¨s refers to a vague approximation. For example: rester dans l-peu-prà ¨sto be very vague, to stick to vague approximations à ©viter les -peu-prà ¨sto avoid approximations Theres also  an   peu  prà ¨s  gesture   and an   informal synonym, au  pif.

Obama was right to call for national conversation on race Essay - 1

Obama was right to call for national conversation on race - Essay Example The situation is openly apparent, but it is manifested in sections of society and governance structures that are bias towards some races and ethnicities. The most apparent cases of racial discrimination are exhibited by systems within existing governance structures and the implementation of policy. An example is during the hurricane Katrina incident where government intervention and response was criticized for being below par. This is attributed to the fact that the area that was adversely affected by the devastating hurricane comprised of minority African Americans thus; the governments illustrated prejudice in its reaction to the plight of these affected people. This paper seeks to present an analysis on whether Americans need a national conversation on race. The race issue in the US is exacerbated by the fact that slavery was an already established societal norm that permeated the American culture and traditions. Racism in the US is manifested through various aspects, and it is an apparent phenomenon that those who suffer racism belong to a certain racial background. African Americans have suffered the most severe manifestation of racism because they represent the foundation upon which the issue of race is founded in the US. Majority of slaves in the slavery days were of African origin who were considered second class human beings wherever they went in almost every part of the world where slavery was practiced. Advocacy and campaigning for an end to slavery was met with a lot of resistance because the white enslavers saw this as a threat to their source of cheap labor. African Americans have carried this adage of being second class citizens into the 21st century albeit a bit subdued, but the existence of these should not be ignored. The accomplishments of the Civil Rights Movement have worked to establish African Americans as equal members of the US society. Open racism against African Americans is rarely seen or experienced, but it still does exist in vario us aspects of American society and life. The recent Trayvon Martin incident and case in an American court serves to depict that racism is still an emotive issue in American society. This issue comes to the fore every time an African American is involved in an altercation of the law alongside an individual of another race especially a white person. The ruling on Trayvon Martin’s case brought the race issue to the fore especially after president Obama commented on the issue. Obama’s direct reference to the race issue with regard to the Trayvon Martin case illustrated his unique position as bi-racial president to address the race issue and introduce a dialogue in America concerning race. Obama’s prose about race in America elicited diverse views with some citing it as an appropriate moment in his presidency for him to address the issue. Other people saw Obama’s foray into the race during Trayvon Martin’s murder trial as an attempt to boost his approva l ratings amongst the minority groups. The negative criticism Obama received for introducing the race angel in the case should not been. This is because it is his place as an African American president to address the race issue which is in his docket as other before him addressed issues that had affected them personally. According to Gerson, previous presidents had addressed issues t

Human Relations School of Thought compared to a Taylorist Fordist Essay

Human Relations School of Thought compared to a Taylorist Fordist perspective - Essay Example The human relations school of thought is to a great extent superior to Taylorism given the value it attaches to people and the role of the motivated employee in the workplace. The approach changed Taylor's view of the workers as machines and instead shifted the attention from the task to the worker. It is in the human relations approach to management that for the worker was viewed as being an important component of the organization. The manager's perception of the workers in the human relations school was holistic as opposed to Taylor's focus on the bundle of aptitudes. The human relations approach was aimed at changing the attitudes of the managers towards their subordinates. Managers embrace such propositions today and are significantly concerned with how they relate to their workers. The human relations school of thought proposed the need for managers to create a sense of satisfaction and belonging for their workers by demonstrating an interest in the welfare and personal success. Taylor’s misleading assumption that people could only be motivated by financial incentives and the individualistic approach he gave to work performance make the scientific management approach a lesser evolved management approach compared to the human relations approach. The importance of a two-way communication approach between the manager and the subordinates is emphasised in the human relations school of thought. The human relations school of thought views the productivity of the employees as being dependent on the satisfaction of the employee.

Titration Lab Essay Example for Free

Titration Lab Essay Method for Control of Variables 1. In order to control the titration of potassium permanganate, we used the pipette to make the titration constant. We also used the same amount of chemical solutions, with the same flasks, to make the titration as constant as possible. 2. To control the amount of redox in the experiment, we have used the pipette to keep on putting the same amount of drop every time. The pipette made the amount of redox constant for every trial, and made the data more accurate. 3. In order to control the amount of potassium permanganate, we have measured the solution with the same plate and same scale. Since we have used the same materials, the amount used was very close. 4. To control the amount of force put in to mix the solution, I used my right hand for every trial and did not vary the length and procedure to mix. I have mixed the solution 5. In order to control the temperature of the liquids, I have used the same room at the same time. I did not used any air conditioning to change the temperature. Method For Data Collection 1. I have weighed out exactly 2.5 grams of AR ammonium iron (II) sulphate crystals, and dissolved them in approximately 40cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of sulphuric acid solution with a concentration of approximately 1 mol dm-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. 2. I did NOT heat the solution to assist the dissolving of the solution. 3. I made up to 100cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of the solution into a volumetric flask and mixed the solution. 4. I have used the pipette to pipette 10cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of the solution into a conical flask and added about an equal volume of distilled water. 5. I titrated this with 0.0200mol dm-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ potassium manganate (VII) solution to a faint pink color. 6. I repeated the titration for at least 2 times for accuracy in the data and recorded all the results. Table of Raw Results Table Showing Volume of KMnO4 Used to React With the Solution Initial Reading Final Reading Volume of KMnO4 The error or uncertainty of this data is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.05cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. However, the uncertainty for the volume difference is not à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.05cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, but is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.10cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This is because there are two à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.05cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ datas, and if you add them up, you will get à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.10cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Evaluation Improvements: In this experiment, there were several inaccurate results and some mistakes I could have improved. 1. Pipette: For each drop from the pipette, there were same amounts of solutions, but since it is made by human hand, there should have been a slight difference in each drop. 2. Temperature: Although I have done this experiment in one class period, there were slight changes in the weather, causing the temperature to change. This could have affected the data results. 3. Force: The force applied to the solution and the flask was approximately the same, but there were some differences since it was done by humans. Humans never can do the same exact thing over, and so there should have been a slight error. Conclusion My hypothesis for this experiment was correct, because it took about 10 drops to titrate. Although there were some slight errors during the experiment, the experiment itself went fairly well, as there werent any big outstanding errors in the data and procedures. The main aim of this experiment, titration of redox with potassium permanganate, was well presented, and overall the experiment was good. Problem Calculation 1. MnO4- + 8H+ + 5Fe- = Mn2+ + 4H2O + Fe3+ 2. 5 moles of Fe2+ is required. 3. 10cm3 = 0.01dm3 0.02 mol dm-3 x 0.01 dm3 = 0.0002 mol 0.0002 moles of KMnO4 is present. 4. MnO4- : Fe2+ 1:5 0.0002 mol : 0.001 mol 0.001 moles of Fe2+ is present in 10cm3 of the solution. 5. 0.001 mol x 10 =0.01 mol 0.01 moles of Fe2+ is present in 100cm3 of the solution. 6. 1 mole of Fe2+ = 56grams 56g x 0.01 mol = 0.56g 0.56 grams of Fe2+ is in the ammonium iron (II) sulfate 7. Number of moles of ammonium iron (II) sulfate = 39 0.56g/(39mol x 0.1) = 14.4% 8. 1 mol of ammonium iron(II) sulfate = (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 x 6H2O = 2N + 8H+ 1Fe+ 2S + 😠¯ + 12H + 6O = 392 grams 56g/392g = 14.3% 9. My result was 14.4% and it is almost equal to the correct value which is 14.3%. The difference is only 0.1%. 10. The iron (II) salt might evaporate if I heat it, and will affect the result.

Education Reform Essay -- Education

Ideas swarm around us everyday. They run through our heads and at times they alter our thoughts, believes, and perception. The question is, what ideas, events, or words affect us so that we do the things we do and say the things we say. If we understand the causes and know the effects, we have yet to fully understand the â€Å"chain.† In essence, the real question is not â€Å"what† ideas, events, or words affected the person but rather â€Å"why† it affected them. To understand the why, we must first understand the initial cause and effect. George Santayana’s philosophies found in his essays, â€Å"Intellectual Ambition† and â€Å"Intuitive Morality,† were enthused by the rise of education and change in literature during the time. The cause and effect can be as simple as the rise of education and such forth brought Santayana to write these essays; however, with the lack of detail, the lack of evidence, and no answer to why these things affected his writing, it is impossible to complete the chain of cause and effect. Basically, the causes, effects, details, and evidence must first be analyzed then organized in order to understand the question of why. During the late 1880s and early 1890s, reforms in education allowed for a more open view of education and the world sparking creativity and independence in schools. (America Past and Present, paraphrase) The world, especially the United States, was beginning to understand that through creativity and education beyond the core subjects the spectrum of knowledge known would spread beyond regions imaginable. The curiosity spread through out the U.S and eventually influenced many great people, one being George Santayana. In his essay, â€Å"Intellectual Ambition,† Santayana signifies the strength of creativity and... ...Works Cited Santayana, George. â€Å"Intellectual Ambition.† The Oxford Book of Essays. Oxford University Press. ED. John Gross. 1991. 341-342 Santayana, George. â€Å"Intuitive Morality.† The Oxford Book of Essays. Oxford University Press. ED. John Gross. 1991. 342-345 Saatkamp, Herman, "George Santayana." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.) . â€Å"Chapter 19: Towards an Urban Society, 1877-1900.† America: Past and Present. Ed. Michael Boezi. 8th edition. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. 538-570 â€Å"Chapter 20: Political Realignment in 1890s.† America: Past and Present. Ed. Michael Boezi. 8th edition. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. 572-598 â€Å"George Santayana.† Britannica. 2005. 17 Jan. 2006 .

Hope Wireless HR Proposal Essay

In support of launching a total reorganization of Hope Wireless, the third leading wireless company in the United States, the Human Resource Department will review and enhance several processes to include but not limited to staffing, performance appraisal, training and development, total rewards, and organizational behavior and processes. The goal is to transition Hope Wireless from good to great; from not only being an American company but a global company. The goal of this strategic organization proposal is to attract and retain the most qualified employees, improved company performance, customer satisfaction, prevent churn and increase revenue. Employees are Hope Wireless number one resource and a long term investment in employees is a long-term investment for the organization. Part I – Hope Wireless HR Proposal Plan Hope Wireless offers a broad range of wireless and wire line communications services encouraging mobile freedom to consumers, business and government users. By the end of the first quarter 2013, Hope Wireless had served more than 55 million customers with an employee base of approximately 60, 000 people. This is over 15 million more customer than one year ago. Hope Wireless is widely recognized for offering the most innovative technology and cutting edge devices and the most sophisticated network of all mobile carriers. Hope Wireless’s business objective is to position the organization to be the leading wireless company in the telecommunications industry. Hope Wireless is striving to offer world-class customer service, proactively identifying and meeting the wireless needs of customers and to offer benefits unlike any other organization. â€Å"Organizations in which people work affect their thoughts, feelings, and actions in the workplace and away from it. Likewise, people’s thoughts, feelings, and actions affect the  organizations in which they work† (Brief & Weiss, 2002). Over the past five years, Hope Wireless has progressively earned numerous customer service awards but most importantly the American Customer Satisfaction Index award. The American Customer Satisfaction Index group rated Hope Wireless No. 1 amongst all national carriers in most improved customer service particularly over the last four years. â€Å"Customer satisfaction is an important goal for providers of both services and products, and customer surveys are a commonly used instrument for evaluating that satisfaction† (Ammar, Moore & Wright, 2008). Approximately five years ago, Hope Wireless was failing customer service surveys miserably and the customer satisfaction rate was fluctuating between anywhere from 65% to Part I – Hope Wireless HR Proposal Plan 72%. The telecommunications industry customer satisfaction goal is 85% or better. It was obvious across sites, states and countries that employees were not satisfied with their work environment and conditions. A supervisor task force proposed ideas to incite change across the organization. â€Å"Operation Smile† became a nationwide Hope Wireless initiative in addition to the â€Å"Go Fish† campaign. Operation Smile all employees to smile whether it was towards another employee or customer. Everyone in the organization was presented 20 SMILE cards of which agreements were electronically signed that each employee would award any employee they â€Å"caught† smiling. The quality analyst were charge to give a SMILE cards to employees they heard SMILING through the phone. The Operation Smile initiative alone increased the overall customer satisfaction rate by 9%, sometimes higher. Any employee who accumulated increments of 10 or more cards could earn exciting gifts. This was a six-month initiative that cumulated with a grand-prize drawing that varied depending upon the site and locality. The next morale boosting initiative which would have a direct positive impact on organization effectiveness was implementing the â€Å"GO Fish† campaign. Seattle’s Pike Fish market was the source of this idea as they are a living example of the principles supported by this initiative†¦.†being present† and â€Å"making someone’s day†. If an employee was present for the  customer or peer, they were awarded a fish by their supervisor or manager. The receiving employee would solicit a fish for their peer from a supervisor or manager. The quality analyst would award the fish if they witness an employee â€Å"being present† and â€Å"making someone’s day† towards their customer. Part I – Hope Wireless HR Proposal Plan Each team was also given a stuffed fish to throw to the person who received a fish. Whenever the random bell tolled, the person holding the fish would receive an immediate reward, most often a gift card. Just as the SMILE initiative, any employee who accumulated increments of 10 or more fish could earn very exciting prizes. This was also a six month morale boosting plan. Customer satisfaction results have continually progressed and have been maintaining ratings of 85% or better on a monthly basis. Hope Wireless began and continues to see a decrease in churn, decrease in employee turnover, increase in employee relations and retention and a dramatic increase in customer satisfaction. The aforementioned action plans greatly influenced employee morale and encourage positive customer behavior while increasing the effectiveness of the organization. â€Å"The loss of employees is a disruptive event. Organizations often pursue innovative ways to reduce employee turnover, often with limited success† (Murphy & Taylor, 2006). In addition to random initiatives, Hope Wireless offers on-going employee relation and retention resources such as the manager, site director open door policy, human resource specialist, employee assistance hotline, anonymous corporate security hotline and email address and a on-line suggestion box is set up in each site. Hope Wireless needs to supports diversity management by â€Å"ensuring that factors are in place to provide for and encourage the continued development of a diverse workforce by melding these actual and perceived differences among workers to achieve maximum productivity† (Mondy & Mondy, 2008). Hope Wireless needs to offer various employee resource groups in support of sexual preference, gender, race, veteran status, etc. The employee Part I – Hope Wireless HR Proposal Plan resource groups will be voluntary, open to all employees with them not being limited to having access to only one group. The Employee Resource Groups (ERG) will offer many benefits to employees such as unique development and networking opportunities, acquisition of practical skills and mentoring programs. In addition, ERG offers connections with people and information not generally accessible. The aforementioned connections to aid employees in positively impacting the organization by become part of the solution. Association with ERG provides allows employees exposure to company leaders, to serve and volunteer in the community as a representative of the organization and most importantly exposure to and learning about different cultures. Hope Wireless has utilized both internal staffing processes and temporary staffing agencies. Research has suggested employees that were hired on a permanent basis out-performed temporary worker. The permanent workers demonstrated ownership and allegiance to the company coupled with documented higher customer satisfaction ratings. The recommendation is to maintain the internal hiring practice. Hope Wireless is successfully trending in the right direction. The aforementioned initiatives, processes and resources, customer service ratings and referenced awards have aided and proven that Hope Wireless is now offering world-class customer service. In addition, the number of net-adds in one year’s time, demonstrates Hope Wireless’s ability to meet and exceed the mobile needs of customer base. Hope Wireless continues to strive for on-going growth and success. REFERENCES Ammar, S., Moore, D., & Wright, R. (2008). Analyzing customer satisfaction surveys using a fuzzy rule-based decision support system: Enhancing customer relationship management. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 15(2), 91-105. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dbm.2008.2 Brief, Arthur P., & Weiss Howard M., â€Å"Organizational Behavior: Affect in the Workplace†, (2002), pp. 279-307. Mondy, R. W., & Mondy, J. B. (200*) Human Resource Management (10th ed.), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Taylor, Lloyd J., I., II, Murphy, B., & Price, W. (2006). Goldratt’s thinking process applied to employee retention. Business Process Management Journal, 12(5), 646-670. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150610691055 Part II – Hope Wireless Performance Appraisal Hope Wireless offers a broad range of wireless and wire line communications services encouraging mobile freedom to consumers, business, and government users. Performance appraisal methods are essential in support of â€Å"Human Resource planning, recruitment and selection, training and development, career planning and development, compensation programs, internal employee relations and assessment of employee potential† (Mondy & Mondy, 2008). The appropriate performance appraisal method for Hope Wireless, considering the type of organization and the number of employees is the rating scales method. â€Å"The rating scales method is a performance appraisal method that rates employees according to defined factors† (Mondy & Mondy, 2008). â€Å"Performance management systems are effective when they are based on goals that are jointly set and are driven by an organization’s business strategy† (â€Å"What Makes Performance Appraisals Effective?† 2012). Performance appraisal imperatives for Hope Wireless will include: Do It Now (resolve); Delegate & Empower (engage appropriate resource/make a decision); Be Accountable (ownership); Focus on Customers (attentive); Teamwork & Camaraderie (work and win as a team); Compete like Winners (always strive for the top); Develop Yourself & Others (stay abreast of the business policies/procedures; peer-to-peer coaching); Acting with Integrity (adhere to code of conduct) and Have Fun (enjoy what you do). The advantage of the rating scales method is that the process is controlled and uniform. With the large number of individuals employed by Hope Wireless, the rating scales method allow for easy comparison and contrast. ‘The rating scales method allows each employee to be subjected to the same appraisal process and rating criteria, with the same range of responses. Part II – Hope Wireless Performance Appraisal Rating scale methods are easy to use and understand. The concept of the rating scale makes obvious sense; both appraisers and evaluated employees have an intuitive appreciation for the simple and efficient logic of the bipolar scale. The result is widespread acceptance and popularity for this approach† (â€Å"Appraisal Methods†, n.d.). â€Å"Organizational culture change is dynamic and depends on leadership and  management. The concepts of organizational change focusing on process, culture change and leadership, and organizational culture change and the learning organization are central to organizational transformation and will be addressed next† (ConceiÃÆ' §ÃƒÆ' £o & Altman, 2011). â€Å"Training and development is the heart of a continuous effort designed to improve employee competency and organizational performance† (Mondy & Mondy, 2008). The training and development program projected for Hope Wireless will be inclusive of intense focus on the position of the front line employee. The front-line employee is the customer-interfacing employee which directly impacts the organization’s bottom line revenue. While training for the management team and other integral positions is very important, it is the customer interaction of which the organization thrives and allows the other positions to be vital and necessary. Taking into consideration the organization’s mission, goals and corporate plan, the training and development will be created to support the company’s culture. It is also important for Hope Wireless’s training and development plan to support the various job description tasks to include both internal and external customers. The final attribute in the training and development process is each employee’s personal training needs. This can be assessed by compiling knowledge, skills and abilities checklist and having each supervisor/manager administer the survey. Establishing training goals specific to each Part II – Hope Wireless Performance Appraisal Position will ensure effective training in support of expected execution. Goals should include purpose and objectives. Hope Wireless offers 60% instructor led training and development while 40% of the training is via on-line classes for all level of employees. The management staff will also receive enhanced development via team builders, instructor led leadership courses and off-site leadership classes. Career pathing at Hope Wireless will be facilitated through Hope University (HU). Hope University’s goal is to improve business performance innovative tools and resource to ensure on-going learning and development in support organizational success and employee career enhancement. â€Å"As a leader in learning and development, HU creates support tools that effectively  facilitate performer tasks while on the job (such as desktop decision-making tools) and knowledge-management solutions which allow organizations to capture and share their collective knowledge (like discussion forums, blogs, pod casts and case studies). These less traditional solutions are in addition to its more than 3,000 skills and knowledge development offerings and over 2.5 million hours of training delivered annually†(â€Å"Sprint†, n.d.) At Hope Wireless each employee is ultimately responsible for their career plan, with their manager’s and leader’s support. With expertise in performance support, development, and delivery, the HR staff has the knowledge and hands-on experience to help each employee reach their full potential through innovative and engaging solutions. On-line job development courses and interactive training classes are optional and available to any employee to be scheduled at Part II – Hope Wireless Performance Appraisal their leisure. The HR staff will provide assistance in identifying the appropriate classes in support reaching one’s career goals. Effective succession planning is the reward of training and development and career pathing. Both training and development and career pathing should be developed and executed with succession planning in the blueprint. Hope Wireless succession plan would include promoting from within as the potential candidate will be prepared to transition into the open position fully armed with the organization’s mission, goals and expectations. It will be important to focus on those individual who demonstrate the ethics, value and integrity of which the Hope Wireless culture represents. Potential leaders will be identified, partnered with existing leadership and provided the resources to enhance strong skillsets and enhance areas of opportunity. Company career goals will be identified along with the potential candidate identifying their personal career goals. Hope Wireless will extend every effort to fill key positions from within to enhance employee morale, avoid negative business impact and ensure continual career advancement. Part II – REFERENCES Appraisal Methods. Retrieved from http://www.performance-appraisal.com/ratings.htm ConceiÃÆ' §ÃƒÆ' £o, S., C.O., & Altman, B. A. (2011). Training and development process and organizational culture change. Organization Development Journal, 29(1), 33-43. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/862094636?accountid=35812 http://linked2leadership.com/2013/04/01/10-steps-to-create-a-killer-succession-plan/ Mondy, R. W., & Mondy, J. B. (2008) Human Resource Management (10th ed.), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Sprint. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.sprint.com What Makes Performance Appraisals Effective? (2012, October). Sage Journals, 44(4), 191-200. Retrieved from http://cbr.sagepub.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/content/44/4/191 Part III – Hope Wireless Compensation Plan â€Å"Compensation is the total of all rewards provided employees in return for their services† (Mondy and Mondy, 2008). In support of meeting and exceeding Hope Wireless’ business objectives, a comprehensive compensation and incentive plan will be outlined as follows for the front line customer-interfacing employees. Hourly rate for customer service (CS) agents is $12.00 per hour based on the average industry hourly pay of $10 per hour. Overtime will be paid at one and one half hours for every hour worked over 40 hours. This does not include vacation hours, specifically worked hours. Bonus compensation will be paid when the criteria has been met as outlined in the bonus plan for each group. Paid time off (PTO) will accrue at the follow rate: tenure of one to three years will accrue two weeks of PTO; tenure of four to six years will accrue three weeks of PTO and tenure of six plus years will accrue five weeks of PTO. Each employee will only be able to carry-over 40 hours of PTO at the end of each calendar year. Every year each employee will accrue two eight hour floating holidays for personal use, which are not transferrable. CS agents will begin with a balance of 140 HAP (Hope Attendance Points) to be used for unscheduled absences. A five to eight hour unscheduled absence will result in deduction of 10 HAP. An unscheduled absence of four or less hours will result in a deduction of five HAP. Business impact days that are designated by Workforce, will have a double point deduction. Those days will be  identified at least two weeks prior to applicable timeframe. The aforementioned benefits and compensation are in support of employee satisfaction, retention and securing employees commitment to the organization. The CS agents will be Part III – Hope Wireless Compensation Plan provided a comprehensive outline of the PTO/HAP policies to include unacceptable HAP balances, the consequences of exhausting all balances including PTO and HAP, etc. The CS agents will also have the option of enrolling in medical insurance of which Hope Wireless will remit 70% of the premium. The CS agents will also have the option of dental and optical insurance where Hope Wireless will remit 70% of the premium. Employees will also have the option to participate in pre-tax flex-spending accounts. A self- initiated pre-tax monetary amount will be deducted from each paycheck and placed in a fund for medical/co-pay expenses for the employee and covered relations enrolled in the medical insurance program. This is a great savings and perks for the employees. Hope Wireless offers all employees an exciting 401K plan of which Hope Wireless matches dollar for dollar up to five dollars per pay period. Stock options are also available in addition to the 401K plan, both of which will be outline on the company’s intranet benefit site. Enrollment in 401K and stock options are available year-round. Tuition reimbursement is available for courses applicable to customer service/leadership/management and will be paid up to 90% for two courses annually after outlined criteria is met and approved by his/her manager. Criteria can be found on Hope Wireless’ intranet benefit site. Base pay increases are performance based and will be determined yearly once the employee has been rated by Supervisor via the annual performance review. The pay increases will be based on current rate per hour, performance rating and active corrective actions and performance action plans. Pay increases will be com mensurate with current industry standards at the time of the rating. Part III – Hope Wireless Compensation Plan The Human Resource team has rendered extensive research of surrounding call centers, conducted surveys of sister sites and concluded the outlined  compensation plan is inclusive of the most desired benefits of the most tenured employees who consistently exceed performance goals. The targeted employees also have consistently exceeded customer expectations per customer surveys. HR’s partnership with middle management is also a key element to successful operations and employee retention. HR will also outline a process of which middle management can execute separate and apart from the aforementioned proposal. â€Å"Practical strategies for supervisors include clearly identifying role responsibilities, implementing flexible scheduling, supporting role integration, applying job sharing principles, and remembering to reward and recognize employees†(Winterstein, Mazerolle & Pitney, 2011). Hope Wireless’ mission is to exceed the expectations of every customer who is in contact with the site. In order to enjoy such a reputation, every employee has to be engaged, empowered, committed, satisfied in their role and have allegiance to the organization and their team leads. Meeting performance expectations will allow each employee their hourly base pay. Surpassing performance expectations invites the opportunity to earn a bonus. WOWING every customer, owning the business, caring about your co-worker, volunteering in the community on behalf of the organization, etc. earns rewards and recognition. Recognizing employees for a job well done is more important than many leaders realize. Employees often times provide feedback via company surveys that their manager only meet with them to share/discuss poor performance. Being â€Å"caught in the act† of outstanding performance/behavior is a pay-off for the organization that is immeasurable. Great behavior Part III – Hope Wireless Compensation Plan breeds great behavior. Receipt of recognition in front of an employee’s peers not only enhances one self-esteem but often times deem an employee a subject matter expert. A go to person. â€Å"Since managers prefer to keep their good performers and employees that they like, it is important to understand their treatment of those individuals in promoting their desired continued personal development† (Adams, 2005). Hope Wireless will not only engage in  on the spot â€Å"Caught in the Act† positive feedback cards issued by an employee’s manager, the use of â€Å"Caught in the Act† certificates, posters and emails will also be initiated. Certificates will be presented in team meetings; posters will be posted in the team work area and emails will be sent to recognized employee with the entire team copied. Hope Wireless Trinkets will also be available to the management team in addition to the creation of the Hope Wireless Fun committee. The Hope Wireless Fun committee will be charged with engaging a mix of employees to create and execute fun activities for the site to reward and motivate employees such as team prizes for the best performers, best customer service surveys, etc. Hope Wireless is committed to working and winning as a team and to have the best team of employees in the wireless industry. REFERENCES Adams, S. M. (2005). Positive Affect and Feedback-Giving Behavior. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(1), 24-42. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview Mondy, R. W., & Mondy, J. B. (2008) Human Resource Management (10th ed.), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Winterstein, A. P., Mazerolle, S. M., & Pitney, W. A. (2011). Workplace environment: Strategies to promote and enhance the quality of life of an athletic trainer. Athletic Training & Sports Health Care, 3(2), 59-62. doi:http://dx.doi.org Part IV – The Cultural Change The senior leaders of Hope Wireless prides themselves on being one of the top three wireless leaders. Hope Wireless has won sundry service awards and achieve many honors for most improved customer service. In addition, Hope Wireless offers innovative and competitive wireless devices of which the other wireless providers have been unable to match. While many of Hope Wireless’s policies and procedures will be addressed and enhanced as a result of this proposal, the last enhancement proposal is in support of the internal culture of the organization. The previous site director allowed employees to dress down daily. Dressing down allows denim, flip-flops, shorts, hats, etc. Employees who are dressed down are more relaxed and come across as such when speaking to customers lending to an unprofessional  environment and poor customer service interactions. A recent event involving an employee who had placed their sweatshirt hood on and laid their head on the desk while waiting on a call is the final motivation for the proposed change. While sleep, several customers came onto the sleeping employee’s line and dropped when no one responded. This resulted in an impact in customer service and service level. The news of the termination of the employee was wide-spread amongst the agent’s peers. This was the first step towards awareness that the organization will take immediate reaction to negative impact caused by an employee. â€Å"When people in an organization realize and recognize that their current organizational culture needs to transform to support the organization’s success and progress, change can occur. But change is not pretty and change is not easy† (Heathfield, n.d.). Part IV – The Cultural Change The first cultural change proposal is to initiate a change to the current dress code policy from daily dress down to dress down Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays ONLY, unless otherwise specified. Currently, employees are only required to wear professional business attire when corporate visitors are expected on-site. The proposed normal day to day dress requirement will be business casual. Business casual dress guidelines will require men to wear collared shirts, khaki or dress pants and no tennis shoes or sandals. Business casual dress guidelines will require women to wear non- provocative, non-tight-fitting clothing void of denim and stretch material. Denim will not be allowed for either women or men. Women or men will not be permitted to wear shorts on business casual days. Women’s skirts and dresses must be knee length and the women’s shoe requirement will require dress shoes, no tennis shoes or flip flops. â€Å"Top-down attempts to change organization culture have a number of unintended consequences, amongst which is an emotional fall-out that becomes manifested in higher rates of absenteeism† (Carr, 2002). Human Resource has elected to release management of the task of owning and communicating this change. Employee focus groups will be formed to access to proactive strategize the most effective communication and reaction to opposition toavoid   negative impact to business. Agent dissatisfaction often translate to poor performance and reliability in call centers. Severe opposition is expected in response to this proposed change. The tentative initial communication to employees will be socialized to employees in team meetings by members of the employee focus group. Often times, peer buy-in lends to continued peer buy-in to change in an organization. In support of the opposition, Human Resources will also partner Part IV – The Cultural Change With the Communication team to begin sending out catchy, funny emails and launch internal television advertisements of the dress code change to occur in 30 days. The â€Å"why† documents will be drafted to include the goal of delivering superior, professional customer service. Anonymous pictures will be included of relaxed desk posture of agents who are dressed down versus those who are dressed business casual. Relaxed posture translate to relaxed conversations. Human Resources will also be prepared to hold optional brown bag meetings to share â€Å"relaxed† remote quality observations where unprofessional customer service was rendered versus calls observed on a professional dress day. Human Resources will set the expectation that the Management team will be held accountable to execute this change and maintain application and consistency of the policy change. All policy amendments are supported by 30 day adaptation grace period after which the following reaction will be instituted. Management will render a documented verbal warning for the 1st dress code violation. The 2nd dress code violation will result in the employee being sent home to change with an impact to pay for the time missed and documented warning. The 3rd dress violation will result in a 1st written warning and will continue to progress to termination. Human Resources will be open for feedback will be open to negotiate with employees holistically to encourage receptiveness to the dress code change. â€Å"Timing can be crucial. Conflict tends to develop through stages, from awareness that differences exist to a hardening of attitudes and, possibly,  open hostility† (â€Å"Abc of Conflict and Disaster: Approaches to Conflict Resolution,† 2005). The employee focus group will be the first reaction to conflict of which employees will be encouraged to provide open and honest feedback to and amongst their peers. Part IV – The Cultural Change This will provide an immediate forum for employees to react versus allowing dissatisfaction and conflict fester and result in unnecessary and avoidable conflict.  The aforementioned changes outlined in this proposal outline a cultural change that lends to effective start-up, encourage growth, prevent decline, encourage renewal and upward mobility and prevent death of the organization. CONCLUSION The Human Resource planning and partnership outlined in the aforementioned proposal will institute efficient, effective, consistent, and revenue impacting operations. The Human Resource team for Hope Wireless has prepared the blueprint to propel the organization to becoming the #1 wireless leader in the industry. REFERENCES Abc Of Conflict And Disaster: Approaches To Conflict Resolution. (2005, August). BMJ: British Medical Journal , 331(7512), 344-346. Retrieved from http://av4kc7fg4g.search.serialssolutions.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com Carr, A. (2002). Organisational culture: Organisational change? Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(4), 425. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/197601624?accountid=458 Heathfield, S. (n.d.). How to Change Your Culture: Organizational CultChange. About.com Guide, (), Retrieved from http://humanresources.about.com/od/organizationalculture/a/culture change.htm